In general the plural
of a noun is formed by adding -S to the noun.
Singular
|
Plural
|
car
|
cars
|
house
|
houses
|
book
|
books
|
bird
|
birds
|
pencil
|
pencils
|
However:
1. When the noun ends in
SS, SH, CH or X, we add -ES to the noun.
Singular
|
Plural
|
kiss
|
kisses
|
wish
|
wishes
|
match
|
matches
|
box
|
boxes
|
fox
|
foxes
|
- I have a box in my bedroom.
- I have three boxes in my
bedroom.
2. When the noun ends in
a VOWEL + Y, we add -S to the noun.
Singular
|
Plural
|
boy
|
boys
|
holiday
|
holidays
|
key
|
keys
|
guy
|
guys
|
3. When the noun ends in
a CONSONANT + Y, we remove Y and add -IES to the noun.
Singular
|
Plural
|
party
|
parties
|
lady
|
ladies
|
story
|
stories
|
nanny
|
nannies
|
city
|
cities
|
4. If the noun ends in F
or FE, we remove the F/FE and add -VES to the noun.
Singular
|
Plural
|
life
|
lives
|
leaf
|
leaves
|
thief
|
thieves
|
wife
|
wives
|
5. If the noun ends in
IS, we change it to ES.
Singular
|
Plural
|
analysis
|
analyses
|
basis
|
bases
|
crisis
|
crises
|
6. There are a number of
nouns that don't follow these rules. They are irregular and you need to learn
them individually because they don't normally have an S on the end.
Singular
|
Plural
|
man
|
men
|
woman
|
women
|
child
|
children
|
foot
|
feet
|
tooth
|
teeth
|
goose
|
geese
|
mouse
|
mice
|
- There is a child in the park.
- There are many children in the
park.
7. There are some
nouns in English that are the same in the singular and the plural.
Singular
|
Plural
|
fish
|
fish
|
sheep
|
sheep
|
deer
|
deer
|
moose
|
moose
|
aircraft
|
aircraft
|
- I can see a sheep in the field.
- I can see ten sheep in the
field.
Sometimes you will
hear the word fishes (especially in songs) though it is
grammatically incorrec
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